在马克思主义科学体系中,处于核心地位的是( )。
A. 马克思主义哲学;
B. 马克思主义政治经济学;
C. 科学社会主义;
D. 马克思主义基本原理;
答案是:参考答案: C
新事物之所以必然战胜旧事物,从根本上说是由于( )。
A. 新事物是在旧事物之后产生的;
B. 新事物具有旧事物所没有的新形式;
C. 新事物具有旧事物所没有的新内容;
D. 新事物较旧事物更符合事物发展的必然趋势;
答案是:参考答案: D
在资本主义简单再生产实现的条件下,第一部类生产的全部产品的总价值应等于( )。
A. 第一部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
B. 第二部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
C. 两大部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
D. 两大部类消耗的生活资
答案是:参考答案: C
物质的唯一特性是( )。
A. 普遍性;
B. 多样性;
C. 客观实在性;
D. 永恒性;
答案是:参考答案: C
资本主义的生产成本可用字母表示为( )。
A. C+v+m;
B. C+v;
C. v+m;
D. C+m;
答案是:参考答案: B
马克思主义将一切社会关系归结于( )。
A. 世俗关系;
B. 朋友关系;
C. 生产关系;
D. 阶级关系;
答案是:参考答案: C
垄断组织获取垄断利润的主要形式是( )。
A. 垄断价格;
B. 个人联合;
C. 参与制;
D. 资本输出;
答案是:参考答案: A
现代生产力系统的渗透性因素是指( )。
A. 教育;
B. 管理;
C. 生产资料;
D. 自然科学;
答案是:参考答案: D
除了剩余价值与可变资本的比率外,剩余价值率还可以表示为( )。
A. 剩余劳动时间与必要劳动时间的比率;
B. 剩余劳动时间与社会必要劳动时间的比率;
C. 可变资本与不变资本的比率;
D. 利润与预付总资本的比率;
答案是:参考答案: A
The author indicates that()is threatening American political power.
A. other countries
B. the declining U.S. industria
答案是:参考答案: B
The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of().
A. its powerful military forces
B. its vast
答案是:参考答案: A
“They tell us, among other facts, that we don’t choose our favourite colours as we grow up.” “Among other facts” means()
答案是:参考答案: A
Now a nation’s political influence depends on() .
A. the strength of its military forces
B. its ability to compete in
答案是:参考答案: D
“You would rather follow than lead”
means().
A. you don’t like to follow others
B. you would be a member rather than
答案是:参考答案: B
When Jack was lost in the woods, he saw a()of wolves approaching.
A. herd
B. pack
C. flock
D. swarm
答案是:参考答案: B
On the road, drivers should be aware of foot passengers and be()towards them.
A. considerable
B. considering
C. consi
答案是:参考答案: C
We must teach children to be()of strangers.
A. careful
B. regard
C. cautious
D. wary
答案是:参考答案: D
She was so fat that she could only just()through the door.
A. assemble
B. appear
C. squeeze
D. gather
答案是:参考答案: C
The tone of the article()the writer’s mood at the time.
A. reproduced
B. reflected
C. imagined
D. imitated
答案是:参考答案: B
As the manager was away on a business trip, I was asked to()over the weekly staff meeting.
A. preside
B. introduce
C.
答案是:参考答案: A
A nuclear war would set()the development of all countries by centuries.
A. off
B. down
C. aside
D. back
答案是:参考答案: D
There are not many teachers who are strong()of traditional methods in English teaching.
A. sponsors
B. contributors
C
答案是:参考答案: C
My boss ordered that the legal documents()to him before lunch.
A. be sent
B. were sent
C. were to be sent
D. must be
答案是:参考答案: A
The boys in the dorm()a coin to decide who would clean the floor.
A. held
B. tossed
C. put
D. collected
答案是:参考答案: B
关于马克思主义,下列说法( )是错误的。
A. 马克思主义已经定型,无需丰富;
B. 马克思主义总是和各种错误思潮相斗争而发展;
C. 马克思主义具有彻底的批判精神;
D. 马克思主义的任务是改造世界;
答案是:参考答案: A
以下是马克思在《资本论》中的有关论述: [材料1]“出于流动状态的人类劳动力或人类劳动形成合资,但本身不是价
值。他在凝固的状态中,在物化的形式上才成为价值。” [材料2]“劳动并不是它所生产的使用价值即为物质财富的唯一源泉。
正如威廉
答案是:参考答案: A
马克思主义对现存的世界进行积极的改造,其主张的手段是( )。
A. 改良;
B. 改革;
C. 革命;
D. 传承;
答案是:参考答案: C
劳动的二重性是( )。
A. 简单劳动和复杂劳动;
B. 体力劳动和脑力劳动;
C. 具体劳动和抽象劳动;
D. 个体劳动和集体劳动;
答案是:参考答案: C
当前,中国共产党关于群众路线的总要求是( )。
A. “治治病、洗洗澡、照镜子、正衣冠”;
B. “正衣冠、照镜子、洗洗澡、治治病”;
C. “照镜子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病”;
D. “洗洗澡、治治病、照镜子、正衣冠”;
答案是:参考答案: C
( )和( )是资本集中最强有力的杠杆。
A. 竞争;
B. 生产资料;
C. 科技人才;
D. 信用;
答案是:参考答案: A D
下列各项属于观念上层建筑的有( )。
A. 军队和政府机关;
B. 哲学和政治思想;
C. 数学和思维科学;
D. 道德和法律思想;
答案是:参考答案: B D
国家垄断资本主义宏观经济调控的主要政策和措施有( )。
A. 财政政策;
B. 货币政策;
C. 国民经济一定程度的计划管理;
D. 资本输出;
答案是:参考答案: A B C
资本主义再生产周期中,复苏阶段的特点有( )。
A. 生产不再下降,企业倒闭停止;
B. 生产逐渐回升,企业利润增加;
C. 就业日益增多,信贷逐渐活跃;
D. 生产消费两旺,社会经济繁荣;
答案是:参考答案: B C
从理性认识到实践是一次更重要的飞跃,这是因为( )
A. 实践是认识的目的;
B. 实践需要理论的指导;
C. 实践是检验认识真理性的标准;
D. 实践是认识的本质;
答案是:参考答案: A B C
与理性认识相比较,感性认识有两个特点,一个是直接性,另一个是( )。
A. 形象性;
B. 能动性;
C. 客观性;
D. 抽象性;
答案是:参考答案: A
除了剩余价值与可变资本的比率外,剩余价值率还可以表示为( )。
A. 剩余劳动时间与必要劳动时间的比率;
B. 剩余劳动时间与社会必要劳动时间的比率;
C. 可变资本与不变资本的比率;
D. 利润与预付总资本的比率;
答案是:参考答案: A
劳动力价值决定的一个重要特点是( )。
A. 它由其生产的剩余价值决定;
B. 它由其使用价值决定;
C. 它包含历史和道德因素;
D. 它包含习惯和法律因素;
答案是:参考答案: C
社会改革和社会革命都根源于( )。
A. 生产力和生产关系的矛盾;
B. 社会存在和社会意识的矛盾;
C. 人口增长和资源匮乏的矛盾;
D. 创新意识和传统观念的矛盾;
答案是:参考答案: A
在马克思主义科学体系中,处于核心地位的是( )。
A. 马克思主义哲学;
B. 马克思主义政治经济学;
C. 科学社会主义;
D. 马克思主义基本原理;
答案是:参考答案: C
在经济全球化过程中,成为垄断资本国际经济组织载体的新的垄断组织形式是( )。
A. 混合联合公司;
B. 跨国公司;
C. 托拉斯;
D. 国际垄断联盟;
答案是:参考答案: B
资产阶级道德观的基本原则是( )。
A. 利己主义;
B. 拜金主义;
C. 自由主义;
D. 享乐主义;
答案是:参考答案: A
决定利息量的因素是( )。
A. 银行自有资本总额和平均利润率;
B. 银行自有资本总额和利息率;
C. 借贷资本总额和平均利润率;
D. 借贷资本总额和利息率;
答案是:参考答案: D
对待规律的错误态度是( )。
A. 尊重规律;
B. 利用规律;
C. 驾驭规律;
D. 改变规律;
答案是:参考答案: D
物质的唯一特性是( )。
A. 普遍性;
B. 多样性;
C. 客观实在性;
D. 永恒性;
答案是:参考答案: C
现代生产力系统的渗透性因素是指( )。
A. 教育;
B. 管理;
C. 生产资料;
D. 自然科学;
答案是:参考答案: D
资本主义萌芽最初出现于( )
A. 英国;
B. 地中海沿岸;
C. 美洲大陆;
D. 德国;
答案是:参考答案: B
在资本主义简单再生产实现的条件下,第一部类生产的全部产品的总价值应等于( )。
A. 第一部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
B. 第二部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
C. 两大部类消耗的生产资料的价值总和;
D. 两大部类消耗的生活资
答案是:参考答案: C
资本主义生产的成本不包括( )。
A. 工人的工资;
B. 原材料的耗费;
C. 固定资本的折旧费;
D. 固定资本未折旧的部分;
答案是:参考答案: B
资本循环中实现价值增殖的阶段是( )。
A. 购买阶段;
B. 生产阶段;
C. 销售阶段;
D. 运输阶段;
答案是:参考答案: B
“社会上一旦有技术上的需要,则这种需要会比十所大学更能把科学推向前进。”这说明( )。
A. 实践是认识的来源;
B. 技术推动了科学的发展;
C. 实践是认识发展的动力;
D. 科学进步是实践的目的;
答案是:参考答案: C
资本主义经济中,农业资本家获得的剩余价值是( )。
A. 级差地租;
B. 绝对地租;
C. 平均利润;
D. 利息;
答案是:参考答案: A
资本主义的生产成本可用字母表示为( )。
A. C+v+m;
B. C+v;
C. v+m;
D. C+m;
答案是:参考答案: B
垄断组织获取垄断利润的主要形式是( )。
A. 垄断价格;
B. 个人联合;
C. 参与制;
D. 资本输出;
答案是:参考答案: A
下列各项中,属于马克思主义社会形态序列的是( )。
A. 渔猎社会;
B. 封建社会;
C. 工业社会;
D. 信息社会;
答案是:参考答案: B
( )的基本范畴是人类把握“自然现象之网”的网上“纽结”。
A. 唯物主义;
B. 辩证法;
C. 唯物辩证法;
D. 认识论;
答案是:参考答案: C
下列各项中,属于辩证唯物主义认识论区别于旧唯物主义认识论的观点是( )。
A. 认识客体具有客观性的观点;
B. 认识是主体对客体的反映的观点;
C. 物质世界可以认识的观点;
D. 实践是认识的基础的观点;
答案是:参考答案: D
股份公司的经营决策机构是( )。
A. 股东大会;
B. 董事会;
C. 监事会;
D. 工会;
答案是:参考答案: B
一个完整的认识过程是( )。
A. 感觉——知觉——表象;
B. 概念——判断——推理;
C. 理论——实践——理论;
D. 实践——认识——实践;
答案是:参考答案: D
具体劳动形成商品的( )。
A. 价格;
B. 价值;
C. 使用价值;
D. 品牌;
答案是:参考答案: C
A system of plant banks could be crucial in responding to climate crises since it could identify genetic material and pl
答案是:植物库系统可能对应对气候危机至关重要,因为它可以识别遗传材料和植物菌株,从而能够更好地应对变化的环境。
This week the urgency of the problem was underscored as wheat prices rose to record highs and wheat stores dropped to th
答案是:本周,由于小麦价格上升到最高纪录水平和小麦储存量下滑到35年来最低水平,更加突出了这个问题的紧迫性。由于
一连串的干旱及新的疾病,世界很多地方的小麦产量下降。罗尼•斯文奈恩博士现任比利时鲁汶天主教大学作物生
物技术部主任,他保存了世界上1200种香蕉种的一半以上。斯文奈恩博士说:“植物基因资源正在受到快速侵蚀。”他
还指出:“我们正处于关键时刻,如果不迅速采取行动,我们将失去很多我们需要的植物物种。”
For years, a hodgepodge network of seed banks has been amassing seed and shoot collections in a haphazard manner. Labs i
答案是:多年来,很多庞杂的种子库网络一直以随意的方式收集种子和苗芽。例如,墨西哥的实验室收藏玉米种,尼日利亚的
实验室收藏木薯种。现在,正对这些分散的努力进行亟需的整合和系统化操作。之所以可以这样做,部分原因是储存
植物基因技术的更新,部分原因是气候变化的警钟继续长鸣及其对世界粮食产量的影响。
Already three-quarters of biodiversity in crops has been lost in the last century, according to the United Nations Food
答案是:据联合国粮农组织统计,四分之三的农作物领域的生物多样性在上个世纪已经消失。例说,存在于二十世纪三十年代
的各种玉米种,现在80%已经灭绝了。在美国,94%的豌豆已不复存在。
As of Thursday, thousands of neatly stacked and labeled gray boxes of seeds — peas from Nigeria, corn from Mexico — resi
答案是:截至周四,成千上万个堆放整齐且贴有标签的灰色种盒在上釉的洞穴式结构中安家落户,如尼日利亚的豌豆、墨西哥
的玉米。这些盒子就如已经备份了的电脑硬盘,以防世界上的植物物种会因自然灾害和人为破坏而消失。
Here at the Global Vault, hundreds of gray boxes containing seeds from places ranging from Syria to Mexico were moved th
答案是:本周,数以百计的装有种子的灰色盒子从叙利亚、墨西哥等地运至全球种子地库,藏于这个冷冻库之中。储存在这里
的种子具有很多特性,如能够抵御较为干燥和较为温暖的气候
The vault was built by Norway, and its operations are financed by government and private donations, including $20 millio
答案是:种子地库由挪威建造,其日常运作经费来自政府和私人捐款,其中包括来自英国的2000万美元、澳大利亚的1200万美
元、德国的1100万美元以及来自美国的650万美元。因为现在许多农场仅种植一两种高产量作物,所以保存一个物种
丰富的植物基因库的努力显得尤为迫切,像经驯化后执行特定任务的纯种犬一样,这些作物在虫害和气候变化面前特
别脆弱,极易受损。科学家们也正在努力了解更多关于为基因库各类种子编码的技能——这些技能是没有相关记
载、至关重要的知识。最终,植物培育者将能通过访问全球数据库找到可适应某一地区特殊气候挑战的基因种子,如
秸秆能够抵抗暴风雨的玉米或是消耗水份较少的小麦。
LONGYEARBYEN, Norway — With plant species disappearing at an alarming rate, scientists and governments are creating a gl
答案是:挪威朗伊尔城——随着植物物种正在以骇人听闻的速度灭绝,科学家和各国政府正在创建全球网络性的植物库来储
存种子和苗芽。人类可以利用这些珍贵的种芽资源确保充足的食物供应,以应对气候变化。
In reviewing seed bank policies a few years ago, experts looked at the banks in a new light, Dr. Fowler said: “We said,
答案是:在回顾数年前的种子库政策时,专家们开始用新的眼光看待种子库。福勒博士说:“我们说过,我们可能有一些世界上
最好的种子库,但它们都在秘鲁、叙利亚、印度、埃塞阿比亚和菲律宾。因此,有许多人早就在问:我们的B计划是什
么?
“We started thinking about this post-9/11 and on the heels of Hurricane Katrina,” said Cary Fowler, president of the Glo
答案是:卡里•福勒是一家负责管理种子库的非营利性组织全球作物多样性托管会的总裁,他说:“我们是在‘9•11’事件之后、
尤其是卡特里娜飓风之后,开始有这个构想的。” 他还说:“每个人都在问:为什么事先不作好迎接飓风的准备呢?我们
明明知道会发生飓风的。” 他指出:“喏,我们每天都在损失生物多样性——一点一滴地在损失。这种损失没有止步的
迹象,我们必须为此做点什么。”
What were the major causes of Britain’s relative economic decline in the postwar period?
答案是:First, Britain suffered great economic losses in two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of the
British Empire was over. India and other British colonies, which provided raw material & large market for British goods, gained
independence. Third, Britain was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s.
Fourth, Britain had to make Substantial financial contributions to NATO and the UN Security Council. Finally, Britain failed to invest in
industry after WWII whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with Britain by investing in the most modern equipment
and means of production.
Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.
A. 54%
B. 64%
C. 74%
D. 84%
答案是:参考答案: C
In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive
答案是:参考答案: D
At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.
A. half
B. a quarter
C. one third
D. one fifth
答案是:参考答案: B
In , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.
A. 1945
B. 1946
C. 1947
D. 1948
答案是:参考答案: B
To be admitted to the Open University, one need .
A. some educational qualifications
B. no educational qualifications
答案是:参考答案: B
Of the following, is NOT a basis of admission to Britain’s universities.
A. result in national entrance test
B. A-leve
答案是:参考答案: A
The car industry in Britain in mostly .
A. foreign-owned
B. state-owned
C. joint-venture
D. privately-owned
答案是:参考答案: A
The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .
A. Protestants and Puritans
B. Royalists and Parliamentarians
C. no
答案是:参考答案: B
The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.
A. Viking invasion
B. signing of the Magna Carta
C. Norman Conq
答案是:参考答案: C
As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of Commons.
A. rival
B. complement
C. criticize
D
答案是:参考答案: B
Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. The two main islands of the British Isles are .
A.
答案是:参考答案: A
has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.
A. Wales
B. England
C. Scotland
D. Northern Ireland
答案是:参考答案: C
Of the following, is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays.
A. families getting together
B. friends exchang
答案是:参考答案: D
The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.
A. Norman
B. Danish
C. Celtic
D. Germanic
答案是:参考答案: D
The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .
A. make decisions
B. give advice
C. pass bills
D. supervise the C
答案是:参考答案: B
Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.
A. feature
答案是:参考答案: C
Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .
A. grammar
B. handwriting
C. spellin
答案是:参考答案:C
Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.
A. reducing child benefits
B. shorten
答案是:参考答案: C
The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.
A. Norman
B. Dutch
C. German
D. Danish
答案是:参考答案: A
The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.
A. oil crisis
B. high inflation rates
C. larg
答案是:参考答案: A
The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it .
A. set up the National Health Service
B. improved pu
答案是:参考答案: A
Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.
A. single-party
B. two-party
C. three-party
D. mult
答案是:参考答案: B
The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .
A. the House of Valois
B. the House of York
C. the House of Tud
答案是:参考答案: C
The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the excepti
答案是:参考答案: C
According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over million.
A. 160
B. 600
C. 60
D. 16
答案是:参考答案: C
The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of words to English.
A. Danish and Finnish
B. Dutc
答案是:参考答案: D
The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.
A. 17th
B. 18th
C. 19th
D. 20th
答案是:参考答案: C
Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of .
A. The
答案是:参考答案: C
is the capital city of Scotland.
A. Belfast
B. Edinburgh
C. Aberdeen
D. Cardiff
答案是:参考答案: B
In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
答案是:参考答案: C
was passed after the Glorious Revolution.
A. Bill of Rights
B. Act of Supremacy
C. Provisions of Oxford
D. Magna Car
答案是:参考答案: A
The British economy achieved global dominance by the .
A. 1860s
B. 1870s
C. 1880s
D. 1890s
答案是:参考答案: C
The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .
A. government intervention
B. nationaliza
答案是:参考答案: D
Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.
A. 1/3
B. 1/4
C. 1/5
D. 2/3
答案是:参考答案: B
Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Wales
D. Northern Ireland
答案是:参考答案: D
Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .
A. the North Sea
B. the English Channel
C. The s
答案是:参考答案: D
Almost a quarter of the British population lives in England.
A. northeastern
B. southeastern
C. northwestern
D. sout
答案是:参考答案: B
The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .
A. passing the bills
B. advising the government
答案是:参考答案: D
Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.
A. agriculture
B
答案是:参考答案: C
Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the follo
答案是:参考答案: B
British Cabinet works on the principle of .
A. collective responsibility
B. individual responsibility
C. defending th
答案是:参考答案: A
English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.
A. Celtic
B. Indo-Iranian
C. Germanic
D. Roman
答案是:参考答案: C
Westminster Abbey was built at the time of .
A. St. Augustine
B. Edward the Confessor
C. William the Conqueror
D. Al
答案是:参考答案: B
By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.
A. Celtic Christianity
B. Anglo-Saxon Christianity
答案是:参考答案: D
The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .
A. divorce his wife
B. break with Rom
答案是:参考答案: A
Mrs. Brown is supposed ______ for Italy last week.
A. to have left
B. to leave
C. to be leaving
D. to have been left
答案是:参考答案: A
Scientists have tried many ways to prevent the nuclear reactions from ______ harmful and dangerous radiation.
A. giving
答案是:参考答案: D
It was not until midnight the snow-capped peak.
A. that they sighted
B. that they did not sight
C. did they sight
D.
答案是:参考答案: A
The fish’s sense of smell is most ______.
A. actuated
B. accurate
C. acute
D. active
答案是:参考答案: C
Geological oceanographers use echo sounder to the depth of the water.
A. figure up
B. figure in
C. figure on
D. figu
答案是:参考答案: D
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